Solubility Rules
- All common compounds of Group I and ammonium ions are soluble.
- All nitrates, acetates, and chlorates are soluble.
- All binary compounds of the halogens (other than F) with metals are soluble, except those of Ag, Hg(I), and Pb. Pb halides are soluble in hot water.)
- All sulfates are soluble, except those of barium, strontium, calcium, lead, silver, and mercury (I). The latter three are slightly soluble.
- Except for rule 1, carbonates, hydroxides, oxides, silicates, and phosphates are insoluble.
- Sulfides are insoluble except for calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and ammonium.
Gases
It is very helpful to be able to recognize the formulas for those gases that may be used or produced during the course of a chemical reaction. The way to indicate that a compound is a gas when you write a chemical equation is to place (g) after the formula, such as HCl(g).
Here is a list of some of the more common gases:
F2, Cl2, H2, N2, O2, SO2, SO3, CO, CO2, H2S, NO, NO2,
NH3, P2O3, P2O5, SiF4, HCl, HBr, HI, HF, N2O5, N2O3, N2O
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