DISCOVERY OF NEUTRON
With the discovery of electrons and protons, scientists realized that atom had to contain exactly the same number electron and protons. This resulted in a very low mass for most of the atoms. To answer these problems, Rutherford suggested that, there must be some other particles in addition to electrons and proton. These particles must not have any charge. They were called as neutrons.
In 1932, James Chadwick carried out certain nuclear reactions, James Chadwick experiment can be described as under: -
He bombarded the lighter metals of beryllium (Be) lithium (Li) with ALPHA PARTICLES. He found that some kind of high-energy particles were omitted. These high energy particles were able to knockout protons from Paraffin with great force. These particles could only remove protons from the nucleus, if it was neutral. Thus it was concluded that uncharged particles of high energy and mass equal to proton are responsible for this ejection of protons from paraffin. These partials were called on neutron.
The nuclear reaction is given below.
(Neutron )
PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON:
- Emission of neutron is independent of source.
- Neutrons are not deflected by electronic field or magnetic field.
- The mass of neutron is
- It is also is fundamental particle of matter.
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